Exploration on the application of PBL-CBL combined teaching mode in improving the teaching quality of general surgery

ZHU Kaihua; ZHANG Shulong; ZHANG Dexiang; WANG Li

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-8331.2025.05.015

Abstract：Objective To investigate the effectiveness of combining problem-based learning(PBL)with case-based learning(CBL)in the training of general surgery residents,and to provide practical guidance for clinical education.Methods From October 2021 to May 2022,fifty residents undergoing rotation training in the Department of General Surgery at Shanghai Xuhui District Central Hospital(Xuhui Hospital,Fudan University)were enrolled and randomized into a control group(n=25)and an experimental group(n=25).The control group received conventional lecture-based teaching while the experimental group received the integrated PBL-CBL instructional program.Outcomes included theory examinations(full score 100),comprehensive clinical skills assessment covering medical record writing,case analysis,practical operations and clinical reasoning(each item scored out of 50),and a self-administered questionnaire assessing perceived clinical problem-solving ability,confidence,self-learning capacity and teaching satisfaction(each item scored out of 30).Results Compared with the control group,the experimental group achieved significantly higher theory scores in department exit exam and better performance in multiple clinical skill domains(P<0.05).Questionnaire feedback indicated significant improvements in clinical problem solving(P<0.05),confidence(P<0.05),self-learning ability(P<0.05)and overall teaching satisfaction(P<0.05).Conclusion The combined PBL-CBL teaching mode can effectively enhance theoretical knowledge,clinical competence and self-directed learning among general surgery residents,and is worthy of broader application in residency training programs.