Analysis of CAPN1 gene polymorphism and expression differences in Zaosheng cattle

SHI Fuyue; WANG Yanyan; GU Lingrong; WANG Shengming; GAO Bo; ZHANG Fengtao; GAO Ziyue; XU Jianfeng

doi:10.13557/j.cnki.issn1002-2813.2025.24.017

Abstract：This experiment aimed to investigate the polymorphism of the calpain Ⅰ(CAPN1)gene in Zaosheng cattle and its effects on meat production traits,assessing its potential as a candidate functional gene influencing meat production traits.A total of 320 blood samples were collected from Zaosheng cattle.Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)sites of the CAPN1 gene were detected by direct sequencing to analyze their association with meat production traits.Meanwhile,real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)was employed to detect the mRNA expression levels of this gene in different tissues and individuals with different genotypes.The results showed that three SNP sites were identified within the CAPN1 gene,namely A3854G,C5709G,and G11058A.Association analysis revealed that the C5709G site was significantly correlated with live weight before slaughter and loin eye area(P<0.05),while the G11058A site was significantly correlated with loin eye area and shear force(P<0.05).The CAPN1 gene was expressed in leg muscle,longissimus dorsi muscle,liver,and heart,with expression levels progressively increasing from leg muscle to heart.At the G11058A site,the relative mRNA expression level in individuals with the FF genotype was significantly higher than that in individuals with the EE genotype(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis further indicated that the CAPN1 gene expression level was significantly correlated with shear force and loin eye area(P<0.05).The study shows that the G11058A site of the CAPN1 gene is significantly associated with certain meat production traits in Zaosheng cattle and can serve as a potential genetic marker for selective breeding of meat production traits in this breed.