Effects of Artemisia ordosica crude polysaccharides on antioxidant,immune function,and rectal microbiota diversity in peripartum period dairy cows

JIA Yuda; ZHANG Ting; ZHAO Yanli; GUO Yongmei; ZHANG Qingyue; GUO Xiaoyu; YAN Sumei

doi:10.13557/j.cnki.issn1002-2813.2025.21.001

Abstract：The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of Artemisia ordosica crude polysaccharides(AOCP)on the antioxidant,immune function,and rectal microbiota diversity in peripartum period dairy cows.A total of 30 Holstein dairy cows were randomly divided into three groups,with 10 replicates per group and one cow per replicate.The control group(group CON)was fed a basal diet,while the low-dose AOCP group(group AOCP1)and high-dose AOCP group(group AOCP2)were added with 0.05％and 0.10％AOCP to the basal diet,respectively.The pre-test period was seven days,and the formal test period was 14 days.The results showed that compared with the group CON,the content of serum immunoglobulin G(IgG)and the activity of catalase(CAT)in experimental groups were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in group AOCP1 was significantly increased(P＜0.05).The serum interferon-γ(IFN-γ)content and the total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity in group AOCP2 were significantly higher than those in other groups(P＜0.05),and the CAT activity was significantly higher than that in group AOCP1(P＜0.05).Compared with group CON,the Shannon index in group AOCP2 was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the Simpson index was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The relative abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in the rectum were increased,while the relative abundance of Bacteroidota was decreased.The correlation analysis results showed that specific bacterial genera was significantly correlated with antioxidant and immune indexes.The study shows that adding 0.10％AOCP to the diet can enhance the immune and antioxidant functions,and regulate the composition of gut microbiota in peripartum period dairy cows.