Study on optimization extraction process of quercetin from Capparis spinosa L.by response surface method and its in vivo and in vitro antioxidant activities

YOU Guoye; XIONG Dawei; YANG Zhenzhen; HU Sihong

doi:10.13557/j.cnki.issn1002-2813.2025.18.019

Abstract：The experiment aimed to investigate the optimal extraction process of quercetin from Capparis spinosa L.and its antioxidant activities in vivo and in vitro.Using the extraction rate of quercetin from Capparis spinosa L.as an indicator,the extraction process of quercetin from Capparis spinosa L.was optimized through single factor experiments and response surface experiments.In vitro antioxidant experiments were conducted using the optimal process to investigate the scavenging ability of quercetin on 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine(DPPH)radicals and 2,2-benzyl-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS)radicals.A total of 300 aged one day Sanhuang chickens were selected and randomly divided into four groups,with five replicates per group and 15 chickens per replicate.The control group was fed a basic diet,while experimental groups 1,2,and 3 were added with 200,300,and 400 mg/kg quercetin extract from Capparis spinosa L.to the basic diet,respectively.The experimental period was 42 days.The results showed that the optimal technological conditions for quercetin from Capparis spinosa L.were extraction temperature of 32 ℃,extraction pressure of 30 MPa,flow rate of the entraining agent of 1.2 mL/min,and CO2 flow rate of 18 L/h.Under these conditions,the extraction rate of quercetin was 20.21％.As the concentration of quercetin from Capparis spinosa L.increased,the scavenging rate of DPPH free radicals and ABTS free radicals by quercetin from Capparis spinosa L.gradually increased,and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50 value)was 61.02 g/L and 54.68 g/L respectively.Compared with the control group,the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)and the activities of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the serum of Sanhuang chickens in experimental groups 2 and 3 were extremely increased(P＜0.0l).The activity of GSH-Px in experimental group 1 was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in each experimental group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The study indicates that the supercritical CO2 extraction process of quercetin from Capparis spinosa L.is stable and feasible.The extracted quercetin has strong in vivo and in vitro antioxidant properties,which can provide a reference for the subsequent extraction,production and application research of quercetin from Capparis spinosa L.