Effect of dietary soybean meal replaced with fermented rapeseed meal on growth performance,serum biochemical,antioxidant indexes,and genes related to growth and immunity of Cyprinus carpio var.'Furui'

CHEN Mingchuan; JI Yi; DAI Zifan; CHEN Xiangning; DING Zhujin; WEI Chaoqing; CHENG Hanliang; XU Jianhe

doi:10.13557/j.cnki.issn1002-2813.2025.12.012

Abstract：The experiment aimed to investigate the effect of dietary soybean meal replaced with fermented rapeseed meal on the growth performance,serum biochemical,antioxidant index,and genes related to growth and immunity of Cyprinus carpio var.'Furui'.A total of 450 Cyprinus carpio var.'Furui'with a healthy constitution and an initial body weight of(15.35±1.65)g were randomly divided into five groups,with three replicates in each group and 30 fish in each replicate.The control group was fed the basal diet,while the experimental groups were respectively fed with 25％(FRSM25 group),50％(FRSM50 group),75％(FRSM75 group),and 100％(FRSM100 group)of fermented rapeseed meal replacing soybean meal in the basal diet,to formulate five kinds of isonitrogenous and isocaloric experimental diets.The experimental period was eight weeks.The result showed that compared with the control group,the final body weight,weight gain rate,specific growth rate,and condition factor in the FRSM25 group were significantly increased(P＜0.05),while the feed conversion rate was decreased(P＞0.05).The glucose content in the serum of the FRSM100 group was significantly higher than that of the control group and the FRSM25 group(P＜0.05),while the serum albumin content was significantly lower than that of the FRSM25 and FRSM50 groups(P＜0.05).The total protein content in the serum of the FRSM25 group was significantly higher than that of the control,FRSM75 and FRSM100 groups(P＜0.05).The activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in the FRSM75 group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The total antioxidant capacity of the serum in the FRSM50 group was significantly higher than that of the control,FRSM75 and FRSM100 groups(P＜0.05).The activity of superoxide dismutase in the FRSM100 group was significantly lower than that of the other groups(P＜0.05).There was no significant damage to the liver and pancreas in the FRSM25 group.When the substitution ratio exceeded 50％,a large amount of vacuolization occurred in the liver and pancreas of the Cyprinus carpio var.'Furui'.The expression of the growth hormone gene(GH)in the FRSM25 group was significantly higher than that in the FRSM50,FRSM75,and FRSM100 groups(P＜0.05).The expression of insulin like growth factor(IGF-1)and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)genes in the FRSM25 group were significantly higher than those in other groups(P＜0.05),while the expression of interferon-y(IFN-γ)genes was significantly lower than that in the FRSM50,FRSM75,and FRSM100 groups(P＜0.05).The expression of interleukin-8(IL-8)genes in the FRSM75 and FRSM100 groups was significantly higher than that in the control and FRSM25 groups(P＜0.05).The study shows that 25％dietary soybean meal replaced by fermented rapeseed meal promoted growth,increased the antioxidant enzyme activities and improved the body immunity of Cyprinus carpio var.'Furui'.