Effects of Schisandra chinensis extract and N-carbamylglutamate on growth performance,intestinal antioxidant,and immune function of free range Sanhuang chickens under the pecan forest

CAI Bingyan; TIAN Qizhen; ZHAO Changjing; WANG Haiming; YU Jing

doi:10.13557/j.cnki.issn1002-2813.2025.06.010

Abstract：The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Schisandra chinensis extract(SCE)and N-acetylglutamic acid(NCG)on the growth performance,slaughter performance,meat quality,intestinal antioxidant and immune function of free range Sanhuang chickens in pecan forests.A total of 240 healthy and similarly weighted free range Sanhuang chickens aged 85 days were selected from the pecan forest and randomly divided into four groups with six replicates in each group and 10 chickens in each replicate.The CON group was fed with basic feed,while the SCE group received 0.20％SCE added to the basic feed.The NCG group received 0.15％NCG added to the basic feed,and the SCE+NCG group received 0.10％SCE+0.10％NCG added to the basic feed.The pre trial period was seven days,and the formal trial period was 28 days.The results showed that compared with the CON group,the NCG group and SCE+NCG group extremely increased the average daily weight gain and final weight gain(P＜0.01).The SCE group significantly increased the average daily weight gain and final weight gain(P＜0.05).The NCG group significantly reduced the feed to weight ratio(P＜0.05).The SCE+NCG group extremely reduced the feed to weight ratio(P＜0.01).The NCG group significantly improved the slaughter rate(P＜0.05).The SCE+NCG group extremely increased the slaughter rate(P＜0.01),significantly increased the total clearance rate(P＜0.05),and significantly reduced the abdominal fat percentage(P＜0.05).The SCE+NCG group extremely increased the water holding capacity of the chest and leg muscles(P＜0.01),extremely reduced the shear force of the leg muscles(P＜0.01),significantly reduced the shear force of the chest muscles(P＜0.05),and significantly improved the brightness(L*)and redness(a*)of the leg muscles(P＜0.05).The NCG group can only improve the leg muscles L*(P＜0.05).Compared with the CON group,the SCE group and SCE+NCG group significantly increased the total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity(P＜0.05),extremely increased the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)of the jejunal mucosa(P＜0.01),and extremely reduced the malondialdehyde(MDA)content(P＜0.01).The NCG group significantly increased the T-SOD activity of the jejunal mucosa and reduced the MDA content(P＜0.05).The NCG+SCE group extremely downregulated the relative expression level of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)mRNA(P＜0.01),upregulated the relative expression level of secretory immunoglobulin A(SIgA)mRNA(P＜0.01),and significantly downregulated the relative expression levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and interleukin-6(IL-6)mRNA(P＜0.05).The study indicates that SCE and NCG can enhance the growth and slaughter performance of free range Sanhuang chickens under pecan forests,improve meat quality,enhance intestinal antioxidant and immune functions,and the compound addition of 0.10％SCE and 0.10％NCG has a better effect.