Study on milk performance of Holstein crossbred generations improved by Fleckvieh

YE Cuifang; DOU Lijing; YANG Yang; WU Jie; ZHOU Bin; QIAO Yanjie; LI Guang; OU Sihai

doi:10.13557/j.cnki.issn1002-2813.2025.02.018

Abstract：The experiment aimed to explore the milk performance of different crossbred generations and parities of high-yielding Holstein cows improved by crossbreeding with German Fleckvieh.The trial crossbred Holstein cows with German Fleckvieh bulls as sires and high-yielding Holstein cows as dams,collected whole blood and milk samples from different generations of the crossbred experimental herd,and used Admixture technology along with Dairy Herd Improvement(DHI)testing data to analyze the milk production performance of different bloodlines and parities of the Fleckvieh-Holstein crossbreeds.The results showed that the average breed proportion of Simmental in the first generation of Fleckvieh-Holstein crossbred cows was 47.31%,in the second generation it was 81.22%,in the third generation it was 90.04%,and in the purebred it was 98.47%.The milk yield of the first,second,and third generation Fleckvieh-Holstein crossbred cows reached its peak at the 2nd to 3rd parity and gradually declined from the 4th to 8th parity.The second generation crossbred cows had relatively higher milk production in the 2nd parity,and the third generation crossbred cows had significantly higher milk production in the 3rd parity compared to the 4th and 5th parities(P＜0.05).The somatic cell count in cows from the 1st to 3rd parities was relatively low,significantly lower than that in the 4th and 5th parities(P＜0.05).The milk fat percentage and urea nitrogen content generally showed an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend with parity.The study indicates that the second and third generations of Fleckvieh-Holstein crossbred cows have higher milk production performance and can continue to be crossbred or interbred to fix the traits,thereby gradually developing a new local characteristic Fleckvieh-Holstein breed.