Protective effects of Toddalia asiatica alcohol extract on indomethacin-induced acute gastric hemorrhage in rats

CAO Jiajie; GAO Jie; ZHANG Miao; QIN Dan; XU Liba; WU Chunfeng; FU Peng; CHEN Long

doi:10.13557/j.cnki.issn1002-2813.2025.01.021

Abstract：The experiment aimed to explore the protective effect of Toddalia asiatica alcohol extract(TAE)on acute gastric hemorrhage induced by indomethacin(IND)in rats.Sixty seven-week-old SD rats were randomly divided into six groups,with ten rats per group.The control group(CON)and IND model group were intubated with 0.5％sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(0.5％CMC-Na),the Yunnan Baiyao group(YNBY group)was intubated with a YNBY suspension at a dose of 360 mg/kg,and the TAE-L,TAE-M,and TAE-H groups were intubated with TAE suspensions at concentrations of 1.62,3.24,and 6.48 g/kg,respectively.After 10 days of continuous administration,except for the CON group,the remaining rats were intubated with 630 mg/kg IND solution to establish an acute gastric hemorrhage model.The results showed that compared with the IND group,the number of bleeding points and total bleeding scores in the TAE-L,TAE-M,and TAE-H groups were significantly reduced(P＜0.05),with bleeding inhibition indices of 46.93％,70.04％,and 56.68％,respectively.The levels of gastric mucosal prostaglandin E2(PGE2)and glutathione(GSH)in rats of the TAE-L,TAE-M,and TAE-H groups were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and myeloperoxidase(MPO)level was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),the level of epidermal growth factor(EGF)in the TAE-M and TAE-H groups was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and nitric oxide(NO)level was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The histopathological and apoptotic changes in gastric mucosa were significantly alleviated,with a significant reduction in the apoptotic index of gastric mucosa in the TAE-L,TAE-M,and TAE-H groups(P＜0.05).The expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X protein(Bax),Cleaved caspase-3 protein,and Bax/B-cell lymphoma-2 protein(Bcl-2)in gastric mucosa tissue of the TAE-M and TAE-H groups were significantly downregulated(P＜0.05),and the expression of Bcl-2 protein in the TAE-H group was significantly upregulated(P＜0.05).The study suggests that the addition of 6.48 g/kg Toddalia asiatica alcohol extract can alleviate indomethacin-induced acute gastric hemorrhage in rats,and its mechanism may be related to enhancing the antioxidant stress capacity of gastric mucosa tissue,downregulating the expression of Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 proteins,and upregulating the expression of Bcl-2 protein.