Characteristics of sleep-wake circadian rhythms in depressive disorder patients and their influencing factors
Xu Yuxuan
Li Xiaoya
Qin Yuncong
Yan Nana
Zhang Ling
Abstract：Objective To explore the characteristics of sleep-wake circadian rhythms in depressive disorder patients and their influencing factors.Methods A total of 382 patients with depressive disorder who participated in a cohort study from March 2021 to October 2022 at Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University were included.Patients were categorized into evening type(n=153,MEQ 16-41),intermediate type(n=187,MEQ 42-58),and morning type(n=42,MEQ 59-86)based on the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire(MEQ)scores.Socio-demographic features,clinical features,non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors,17-item Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-17),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9),Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7),and Sheehan Disability Scale(SDS)scores were collected.Differences in clinical features and symptoms between the three groups were compared.Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing sleep-wake circadian rhythm characteristics.Results The differences in age,marital status,smoking history,and age of onset among the three groups were statistically significant(χ2/H=32.458,14.339,6.643,and 26.329;all P<0.05).Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that age≤25 years[OR=2.387,95％CI(1.013,5.629),P<0.05],smoking history[OR=1.728,95％CI(1.012,2.950),P<0.05],and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors in the current episode[OR=1.870,95％CI(1.007,3.473),P<0.05]were risk factors for patients with evening type,and low level of anxiety/somatization[OR=0.847,95％CI(0.741,0.968),P<0.05]was a protective factor for patients with evening type,and age>35 years[OR=4.584,95％CI(1.885,11.145),P<0.05]was a risk factor for patients with morning type,and all of these differences were statistically significant.Conclusions Age≤25 years,smoking history,non-suicidal self-injurious behavior in the current episode,and low level of anxiety/somatization are influencing factors in depressive disorder patients with evening type,and age>35 years of age is an influencing factor in depressive disorder patients with morning type.
Keywords：Depressive disorderSleepWakeCircadian rhythmInfluencing factors
Publication Date：2025-10-20
Online Publishing Date：2025-10-29(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：8( 685-692 )