Research Progress of Combined Immunotherapy Model for Esophageal Cancer
REN Yongjing
GONG Yanan
WANG Saiqi
GAO Shegan
CHEN Xiaobing
Abstract：Esophageal cancer(EC)is one of the most common malignant tumors.The number of new cases and deaths in China accounts for 53.7％and 55.35％of the total global figure respectively.As a region with high incidence of esophageal cancer,the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer is currently poor,and the treatment status is still unsatisfactory.In recent years,immunotherapy,as a new treatment for solid tumors,has been successfully applied in clinical settings,bringing new hope to cancer patients.Immunotherapy for esophageal cancer includes immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),tumor vaccines,and adoptive cell therapy.Among them,immune checkpoint inhibitors release immune cells to fight cancer by blocking the pathways that tumor cells use to shut down anti-tumor immune responses.The programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)and its ligands are the main drugs that mediate tumor immunosuppression and have shown promising therapeutic effects in combination therapy.This article provides a comprehensive review of the research progress of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy,targeted therapy,radiotherapy,and surgery in esophageal cancer.
Keywords：esophageal cancerimmunotherapyprogrammed death 1(PD-1)programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)
Publication Date：2025-12-31
Online Publishing Date：2026-09-12(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：7( 283-289 )