Analysis of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

LI Yunqi; LI Zhengfang; WU Xue; XU Qianxi; LI Tingting; WU Lijun

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-266X.2025.04.010

Abstract：Objective To analyze the risk factors for cardiovascular disease(CVD)in patients with rheumatoid ar-thritis(RA).Methods A total of 432 RA patients were divided into the observation group(145 cases,with CVD)and the control group(287 cases,without CVD)based on whether they developed CVD.The risk factors for CVD in RA were analyzed using univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results Significant differences were found in the age,gender,disease duration,smoking,alcohol consumption,history of hypertension,history of dia-betes,body mass index(BMI),red blood cells,platelets(PLT),lymphocytes,total protein,globulin(GLB),albu-min/globulin ratio(A/G),γ-glutamyl transferase(GGT),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine,uric acid,creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)isoenzyme,sodium ions,serum cystatin C,homocysteine,D-di-mer(D-D),25-hydroxyvitamin D3[25(OH)D3],lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio(LMR),neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),swollen joint count,immunoglobulin G(IgG),immunoglobulin M(IgM),high-density lipoprotein(HDL),atherosclerosis index,interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-2(IL-2),interleukin-4(IL-4),and tu-mor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)levels between these two groups(all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis revealed that ad-vanced age,longer disease duration,male gender,presence of hypertension,and elevated serum levels of GLB,BUN,IFN-γ,NLR,A/G,and D-D,as well as low serum levels of PLT,HDL,and 25(OH)D3,were independent risk factors for the development of CVD in patients with RA.Conclusion The risk factors for the development of CVD in RA pa-tients include advanced age,longer disease duration,male gender,presence of hypertension,and elevated serum levels of GLB,BUN,IFN-γ,NLR,A/G and D-D,as well as low serum levels of PLT,HDL,and 25(OH)D3.