Characteristics of ALDH2 gene polymorphism and its effect on coronary artery stenosis in elderly coronary heart disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hainan

WU Hedi; XU Liwa; JI Jiacha; CHEN Xunchun; WANG Shaojin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-266X.2019.05.005

Abstract：Objective To investigate the association between the risk of coronary artery stenosis and the polymorphism of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hainan. Methods According to the results of coronary angiography, 300 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hainan were divided into the coronary heart disease group (stenosis of single or multiple coronary arteries≥30％, n = 159, CHD group) and non-coronary heart disease group (n = 141, non-CHD group). The fasting peripheral venous blood (10 m L) was collected from patients, and we used RT-PCR to detect the ALDH2 genotypes, and used Logistic regression to analyze the association between ALDH2 gene polymorphism and coronary artery stenosis. Results There are three ALDH2 genotypes, namely GG, AG, and AA. The frequencies of AA genotype and AG genotype in the CHD group and non-CHD group were lower than that of GG genotype, and the frequency of A allele was lower than the frequency of G allele. The frequency of GG genotype in the CHD group was lower than that in the non-CHD group, the frequency of AA genotype was higher than that in the nonCHD group, the frequency of G allele was lower than that in the non-CHD group, and the frequency of A allele was higher the frequency that in non-CHD group (all P < 0.05). The frequencies of AA genotype and AG genotype were lower than the frequency of GG genotype, and the frequency of A allele was lower than the frequency of G allele (all P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in ALDH2 genotype frequency and allele frequency distribution between different sexes (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in ALDH2 genotype frequency and allele frequency between patients younger than 70 years old and those older than 70 years old (both P> 0.05). The frequencies of AA genotype and AG genotype in patients younger than 70 years old and those older than 70 years old were lower than the frequency of GG genotype, and the frequency of A allele was lower than the frequency of G allele (all P < 0.05). Logistic analysis showed that allele A was a risk factor for coronary artery stenosis (OR = 2.426, 95％ CI: 1.312-4.526, P = 0.005). Conclusions The risk of coronary artery stenosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients is related to the polymorphism of ALDH2 gene. ALDH2 allele increases the risk of coronary artery stenosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hainan.