Control Effect of Chinese Cabbage Clubroot and Yield of Chinese Cabbage with Different Cultivation Substrates

Gai Yunyun; Zhang Shimin; Han Zenghui; Liu Junhao; Meng Xiangqi; Wang Min

doi:10.14083/j.issn.1001-4942.2025.11.018

Abstract：Addressing the industry-wide challenge of intensified clubroot disease in Chinese cabbage caused by soil acidification,this study conducted the experiment in a high-incidence region of the disease.Five blending ratios of calcined oyster shell powder to coconut shell biochar were established(B1:8∶0;B2:6∶2;B3:4∶4;B4:2∶6;B5:0∶8)based on the standard nursery substrate,using only standard nursery substrate as the control(CK).The coordinated effects of the composite cultivation substrates on clubroot control,soil nutri-ent enhancement and cabbage yield were analyzed,and the optimal formulation was identified using the CRITIC comprehensive assessment method.The results showed that the increased proportion of coconut shell biochar sig-nificantly improved the prevention and control effect of Chinese cabbage clubroot disease,and the B5 treatment had the best prevention and control effect of 85.40%,and the incidence rate was nearly 50%lower than that of CK.All the composite substrate treatments significantly increased the rhizosphere soil pH value compared to CK,and the highest pH value of 7.90 was observed in the treatment B2.Rhizosphere soil organic matter(SOM)and total nitrogen(TN)content significantly increased with the increase of the proportion of coconut shell biochar.All treatments significantly surpassed CK in SOM,TN,available phosphorus(AP)and available potassium(AK)contents,among which,treatment B5 had the highest SOM,TN and AP contents,and treatment B3 had the highest AK content.All the composite substrate treatments significantly increased the total yield and fresh weight per plant of Chinese cabbage compared to CK.Treatment B2 achieved the highest yield of 75.91 t/hm2,representing a 181%increase.Treatment B3 produced the highest fresh weight per plant of 2.22 kg which was 192%higher than that of CK.Correlation analysis revealed that yield was significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with pH value and AP and AK contents,and disease index was extremely significantly nega-tively correlated with TN and AP contents(P<0.01).CRITIC comprehensive evaluation determined that cal-cined oyster shell powder and coconut shell biochar blending at the ratio of 6∶2(B2)achieved the highest over-all score.This formulation simultaneously optimized disease control(67.66%control efficacy),soil amelioration(pH increased by 1.04 units)and yield enhancement(181%increase).These findings provided technical sup-port for the green control of Chinese cabbage clubroot and the high-value utilization of waste materials.