Effects of Water and Fertilizer Regulation on Decomposition and Nutrient Release of Wheat Straw in Rice Season
Zhao Qinglei
Yang Jun
Wang Yu
Sun Zhaowen
Liu Qihua
Abstract：In order to explore the optimal water and fertilizer control measures for wheat straw decomposi-tion and nutrient release during the rice season in the Huanghuai rice-wheat rotation area,this experiment a-dopted a split-plot design with the main plot consisted of four nitrogen fertilizer management measures for rice,namely the application ratios of basal fertilizer,tillering fertilizer,panicle fertilizer,and heading fertilizer(N1=0∶2.8∶3.6∶3.6,N2=2.0∶2.2∶2.9∶2.9,N3=4.0∶1.8∶2.1∶2.1,N4=6.0∶1.2∶1.4∶1.4),and the sub-plot included three water layer management measures(S),namely the field drying measures after straw incor-poration(S1:drying the field naturally for 15 days after flooding and then re-irrigating after 3 days;S2:dr-ying the field naturally for 25 days after flooding and then re-irrigating after 3 days;S3:no field drying).A to-tal of 12 treatments were combined to study the effects of different water and fertilizer management practices on the decomposition and nutrient release characteristics of wheat straw.The results showed that the water man-agement measures and nitrogen fertilizer operation significantly affected the process of straw decomposition.The cumulative decomposition rate of straw in the current season was 43.67%to 65.84%.The S1 treatmeat was the best to promote straw decomposition with the highest increase in straw decomposition rate of 27.09%.The treatments of N3 and N4 had relatively better promoting effects on straw decomposition,and the maximum in-crease in straw decomposition rate of N4 reached 21.36%.The cumulative nitrogen release rate of straw in the current season was 29.78%to 62.47%.The S1 treatment was the best for straw nitrogen release,and the maxi-mum increase in cumulative nitrogen release rate was 64.88%.N3 and N4 were both beneficial to the release of nitrogen from straw,and their effects were equivalent;the maximum increase in the cumulative nitrogen re-lease rate was 43.79%in N4.The cumulative phosphorus release rate of straw in the current season was 50.55%to 74.29%.Water layer management measure was the first factor affecting the phosphorus release from straw,and nitrogen fertilizer management was an important factor affecting phosphorus release at the later stage of straw decomposition.The S1 treatment was beneficial to the release of phosphorus from straw with the high-est increase in cumulative phosphorus release rate of 32.07%.N3 and N4 were both beneficial to the release of phosphorus from straw.Water layer management measures and nitrogen fertilizer management had no signifi-cant impact on the potassium release process from straw.In summary,water layer management measures and nitrogen fertilizer management were the main factors affecting the decomposition process of straw and the re-lease of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in straw.Considering rice growth and straw decomposition as a whole,drying the field naturally for 15 days after flooding and then re-irrigating after 3 days and nitrogen fertil-izer application ratio of 4.0∶1.8∶2.1∶2.1 were the ideal water and fertilizer control measures in rice season in the Huanghuai rice-wheat rotation area.
Keywords：Rice-wheat rotationWater and fertilizer regulationNitrogen fertilizer managementWater layer managementStraw decompositionNutrient release
Publication Date：2025-09-30
Online Publishing Date：2026-05-22(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：8( 111-118 )