Effects of Density and Row Spacing on Dry Matter Accumulation and Transport and Yield of Winter Wheat

Cao Mengya; Wang Chao; Luo Yongli

doi:10.14083/j.issn.1001-4942.2025.07.009

Abstract：Wheat yield plays an extremely important role in ensuring food security and promoting sustain-able development of agriculture in China.This experiment adopted a split-plot design with different densities(D1:3.75 million plants per hectare;D2:3.00 million plants per hectare;D3:2.25 million plants per hec-tare)as the main plot factors,and row spacings(S1:10 cm;S2:15 cm;S3:20 cm)as the subplot factors.The effects of different density and row spacing treatments on population number,relative content of leaf chlo-rophyll(SPAD value),dry matter accumulation and transport,and yield of wheat(Shannong 28).The re-sults showed that under the same density treatment,the total SPAD value of the upper three leaves of wheat decreased with the increase of row spacing;the population number of wheat under D1 density was greater than that under D3 density,and that under D2 density showed S1＞S2＞S3.Under different density conditions,row spacing had a significant effect on population number.With the increase of row spacing,the spike number per unit area decreased,the number of grains per spike increased,and the thousand-grain weight showed an over-all increasing trend.The effect of density on wheat yield was D1＞D2＞D3.The yield of wheat under D1S1 treatment was 18.08％higher than that of D3S3(the conventional treatment)and the difference was signifi-cant.At the same time,the dry matter transport amount and rate before flowering of wheat under D1S1 treat-ment were 186.48％and 112.48％higher than those of D3S3 at significant level,and the dry matter accumula-tion after flowering was 11.59％higher than that of D3S3 with the difference not significant.In conclusion,un-der the experimental conditions,the optimal density and row spacing combination for achieving high wheat yield was 3.75 million plants per hectare and 10 cm.