Genetic Diversity Analysis of Kainong Series Peanut Varieties(Lines)Based on Whole-Genome Resequencing

Guo Minjie; Deng Li; Miao Jianli; Luo Feng; Yin Junhua; Sun Yigen; Xiao Ting; Ren Li

doi:10.14083/j.issn.1001-4942.2025.04.007

Abstract：In this study,a total of 30 Kainong series peanut varieties(lines)derived from 0317 combi-nation(Kainong 30 × Kaixuan 016)with larger promotion areas were used as materials,and the genetic simi-larity analysis,population structure analysis and cluster analysis based on the second-generation whole genome resequencing data were conducted,in order to provide basic materials and visual technical references for effi-cient utilization of peanut germplasm resources in China.The results showed that after data control,423 149 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)sites were obtained that were evenly distributed on the chromosomes.Among them,chromosome 3 had the most SNP sites and chromosome 10 had the least,account-ing for 8.56％and 2.66％of the total,respectively.There were 435 genetic similarity coefficient values be-tween different peanut varieties(lines)ranging from 0.55 to 0.96,and the average value was 0.73.The high-est genetic similarity coefficient(0.96)was between Kainong 301 and Kainong 306,showing the closest ge-netic relationship.The lowest genetic similarity coefficient(0.55)was between Kainong 176 and Kainong 100,showing the farthest genetic relationship.Through population structure analysis,the 30 peanut varieties(lines)were divided into three subgroups,accounting for 30.00％,33.33％and 36.67％of the total,respec-tively.Among which,the genetic backgrounds of Kainong 99 and Kainong 65 were relatively complex.The cluster analysis results showed that the result from population genetic heatmap of the 30 peanut varieties(lines)was consistent with that from evolutionary tree;the 30 peanut varieties(lines)were divided into three groups;combined with the pedigree relationships,it was found that varieties bred from the same combination might not necessarily clustered in the same group.In conclusion,the genetic similarity among the 30 peanut varieties(lines)in this study was relatively high,so the genetic basis should be broadened.In the process of excellent peanut varieties breeding,it might be possible to comprehensively analyze pedigree and SNP-based clustering results for screening germplasm resources.