Effects of Irrigation Amount on Yield Formation and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat with Different Water Requirement Types

Li Jia; Zhang Hui; Li Zongxin; Qian Xin; Wang Liang; Zhao Haijun; Xiao Rong; Gao Yingbo; Liu Kaichang

doi:10.14083/j.issn.1001-4942.2023.12.005

Abstract：In order to achieve the synergistic promotion of winter wheat yield and water use efficiency(WUE),it is very important to clarify the effects of irrigation amount on yield formation and water use charac-teristics of different water requirement types of winter wheat.In this study,the wheat varieties Jimai 22 requiring high level of fertilizer and water and Shannong 25 with drought resistance were used to study the effects of differ-ent irrigation treatments on their dry matter accumulation,grain-filling characteristics,photosynthetic character-istics,yield and water use efficiency,and also the interaction effects between different irrigation amounts and varieties.The irrigation treatments were set as W0(no irrigation during the whole growth period),W1(60 mm water at jointing and flowering stages,respectively)and W2(60 mm water at overwintering,greening,jointing and flowering stages,respectively).The results showed that appropriate irrigation amount could significantly in-crease the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)of flag leaves,active duration of grain filling(P)and mean grain-filling rate(V)of different water requirement winter wheat varieties,and then increased their yields.The two-year av-erage yield of Jimai 22 under W2 treatment was significantly increased by 32.70%and 9.03%compared with W0 and W1 treatments respectively,and that of Shannong 25 under W1 treatment was 23.70%higher than that un-der W0 treatments,but was not significantly different with that under W2 treatment.Under W1 treatment,the two-year average WUE of Jimai 22 and Shannong 25 significantly increased by 17.97%and 39.84%compared with W2 treatment,respectively.The interaction effect analysis showed that the interaction of variety and irriga-tion amount had significant effects on the yield formation and WUE of winter wheat.In summary,irrigation a-mount,variety and their interaction could improve winter wheat yield and WUE by increasing spike number,prolonging grain-filling active duration and increasing average grain-filling rate,so optimized irrigation amount matching variety could realize the synergistic increase of winter wheat yield and WUE.