Comprehensive Evaluation on Agronomic Characters and Tuber Quality of 34 Helianthus tuberosus Germplasm Resources

Wang Lu; Liu Fangfang; Guo Honghai; Hu Xinhui; Liu Zhenlin; Jia Xi

doi:10.14083/j.issn.1001-4942.2023.11.010

Abstract：In order to enrich the germplasm bank of Helianthus tuberosus L.and provide a basis for breeding new special varieties and developing H.tuberosus industry in saline-alkali land,in this experiment,thirty four H.tuberosus germplasms were selected to analyze the differences of plant characters,tuber yield and quality characters,and comprehensive evaluation was carried out by principal component analysis.The results showed that there were significant differences in plant traits,tuber yield and quality traits among different germplasms,and the coefficient of variation of main stem branching number and yield were higher,reaching 60.49%and 58.55%,respectively.The coefficient of variation of tuber number,stem number and starch con-tent per plant were also larger,and their values ranged from 33.34%to 44.10%;the coefficient of variation of the other traits was below 30%.The high-yield(＞30 t/hm2)germplasms as S9,S12,S15,S16,S17,S24,S33,S34 and S35,the high-protein germplasms as S11,S13,S23 and S35,the high-soluble sugar germ-plasms as S6,S23 and S24,the high-fiber germplasms as S3,S12,S26,S30 and S34,and the high-starch germplasms as S1,S6,S25 and S33 were preliminarily screened out.The principal component analysis of the 34 H.tuberosus germplasms were conducted based on 9 agronomic traits(including plant traits and yield traits),and 3 principal components were extracted,which could reflect 74.00%of the total information.After comprehensive evaluation,six germplasms suitable for planting in saline soil of Dongying City,Shandong Province were selected,namely X2020-2,HZ,TJ,L2-1,X2020-1 and N2019-4.Among them,the main stem height and node height of HZ were the lowest,the secondary stem and main stem were thicker,and the yield was significantly higher than the other germplasmes,reaching 85.75 t/hm2.The results of this study could provide germplasm re-sources for breeding high-yield,good quality and special functional H.tuberosus varieties.