Study on Pollination Effect and Reproductive Function of Malus hupehensis with Foreign Pollen

Gao Fufeng; Mao Yunfei; Zhang Jiateng; Yang Hengfeng; Wang Zenghui; Shen Xiang

doi:10.14083/j.issn.1001-4942.2018.01.004

Abstract：Malus hupehensis was used as the female parent,and was artificially pollinated the pollen of Hongli ornamental crabapple.Four treatments including no emasculation and pollination with no bagging (T1),emasculation and pollination with bagging (T2),emasculation and pollination after flowering with bagging (T3),emasculation and no pollination with bagging (T4) were conducted to research the differences in fruit setting rate,fruit physiological traits,offspring seedling hybrid rate and ploidy of Malus hupehensis by physical statistics,microscopic observation and flow cytometry.This study was aimed at further exploring the reproductive function of Malus hupehensis,selecting the period for high hybridization rate to increase the hybridization rate and the number of hybrid seeds,expanding the selection range,improving the breeding efficiency and providing important theoretical bases for breeding.The results showed that the seed weight increased by 8.7％ after pollination;the fruit setting rate significantly increased by 10.1％ compared with the natural pollination in October.The apomixes rate of Malus hupehensis was about 43.70％.Most of the hybrid offspring seedlings of the four treatments were triploid,and the diploid,tetraploid,pentaploid and aneuploidy were less.The tetraploid formation rate increased significantly under emasculation,pollination and bagging before flowering.In conclusion,artificial pollination was benefit for improving the fruit setting rate and promoting the seed formation.Malus hupehensis used apomixes as the main reproductive mode,and also had sexual hybridization.Pollination before flowering significantly increased the tetraploid formation rate.But it needed to be further identified that the reproductive mode of triploid offspring seedlings was sexual reproduction or apomix