Overview of the application of ammonia in internal combustion engines and NOx emission control technologies
TIAN Jie
XIONG Yong
CHENG Yong
WANG Zhaoyu
Abstract：In response to the problems of ignition difficulty,low flame speed,narrow flammability range,and high NOx emission during ammonia combustion,this paper reviews the characteristics and preparation methods of ammonia fuel,summarizes the application of ammonia in internal combustion engines,analyzes the mechanism of NOx emission generated by ammonia combustion,explores measures to reduce NOx emission,and proposes the development direction of ammonia fuel internal combustion engines.The results show that ammonia fuel has a higher self-ignition temperature,slower flame propagation speed,and longer ignition delay.By optimizing combustion control and mixing with other fuels,the combustion performance can be improved,and environmental pollution can be reduced.Ammonia can be produced through various methods,such as chemical synthesis,biomass conversion,and water electrolysis.Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia is currently one of the most promising pathways for ammonia synthesis.Mixing combustion and oxygen-enriched fuel can increase the combustion rate of ammonia.The NOx generated during ammonia combustion mainly comes from the nitrogen element in ammonia gas.Through technologies such as selective catalytic reduction,staged combustion,moderate or intense low-oxygen dilution combustion,NOx emission during ammonia fuel combustion can be significantly reduced,and the environmental impact of ammonia combustion can be improved.
Keywords：ammonia combustioninternal-combustion enginecombustion characteristicsNOx emission
Publication Date：2025-07-30
Online Publishing Date：2026-05-22(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：15( 1-15 )