Research on water traffic safety analysis and accident prevention strategies based on multi-source data fusion

FU Zilan

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-0032.2025.06.004

Abstract：To analyze the traffic safety situation in complex navigable waters and assess the risk of vessel collisions,this study integrates multi-source data resources such as the automatic identification system(AIS)for vessels,port spatial distribution,and geographic information.The focus of the research is on the Pearl River Estuary,where the distribution of vessel types,sizes,and speeds in this water area is statistically analyzed.Geographic information data is utilized to analyze the spatial layout characteristics of the ports in this area.The navigation routes are divided into 24 time periods,and the water area is segmented into 9 parts.Based on line density analysis,the spatial characteristics of traffic flow and route distribution in the water area are studied,and the collision risk of vessels in key maritime traffic safety areas of the Pearl River Estuary is calculated and visualized.The results indicate that the vessel types in the Pearl River Estuary are diverse,with large sizes and high speeds;the main outbound navigation route from Guangzhou Port,the secondary outbound route from Guangzhou Port to the Dagang outbound route(passing through Lujing Bay),and the Shunde waterway to the Liansha Rong waterway are the three major routes,while the others are general routes.During different time periods,Route 3 has the highest number of routes,while Route 5 has the least.Route 3 is bimodal,with a higher number of vessels navigating during the noon and nighttime.Routes 2,4,6,and 7 are unimodal,and Routes 1,5,8,and 9 are stable regions with no significant peaks or troughs and little variation.In Route 3,the distribution of collision risk among vessels varies significantly,with higher collision risks present at the intersections of public channels and in the turning areas of the public channel.