Causal analysis of hazardous chemicals road transport accidents based on improved HF ACS model

ZHU Xiwang; WANG Jianhao; XIAN Huacai; YU Yuanlin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-0032.2025.01.001

Abstract：To prevent hazardous chemicals road transport accidents,the human factors analysis and classification system(HFACS)model improved by considering the specific manifestations of various causal categories in hazardous chemicals road transport accidents.The improved HFACS model is applied to categorize and analyze the causal factors of 67 hazardous chemicals road transport accidents occurring between 2000 and 2020,based on human error levels and causal categories.Chi-square tests and odds ratio analysis are used to explore the intrinsic connections between adjacent levels.The results show that the main causal factors at the individual level are violations and poor conditions,specifically including overloaded transportation,failure to conduct vehicle safety checks before driving,and distracted attention.At the organizational level,the key causal factors are inadequate safety education and training,insufficient dynamic monitoring,and a focus on profit over safety.Inadequate guidance and supervision are significant external-level factors.The improved HFACS model reveals significant causal relationships between factors at adjacent levels,with the key causal path for accidents being external regulatory factors→ organizational process flaws→inadequate supervision→human factors→violations.Based on the identified key causal path and high-frequency causal factors,targeted preventive measures are proposed from both external regulation and internal corporate management perspectives.