Analysis of Severe Hail Characteristics in Southern Fujian on 26 March 2022 Using Multi-Source radar
LIANG Qiufeng
ZHENG Hui
SU Lei
GUO Xiufeng
Abstract：A supercell accompanied with severe hail in southern Fujian on 26 March 2022 is analyzed based on observations of Xiamen Haicang X-band dual polarization phased array radar,S-band Doppler dual polarization radar,and Quanzhou S-band Doppler radar,combined with conventional meteorological observation.The study yields the following results.(1)By using three radars for collaborative observation of hail supercells,more comprehensive radar hail characteristics can be obtained,which may improve the warning ability of severe weather.(2)The Haicang X-band phased array radar fully observs the process of hook shaped echo evolution within 10 minutes,and the dual polarization characteristics such as ZDR arc,KDP foot,ZDR ring,and CC ring reflect the changes in particle phase state within the supercell.The back of the strong echo is attenuated,resulting in V-shaped notches or even missing echoes.The appearance of KDP hole in the strong echo area indicates the presence of large hail.When hail grows,the echo intensity increases,the ZDR and KDP high value areas decrease,and CC decreases;When hail falls,ZDR increases,KDP significantly increases,and CC decreases near the melting layer.(3)Quanzhou S-band radar observs classic hail features such as hook shaped echoes,bounded weak echoes,three body scattering,and storm top divergence.The rapid decline of HT and VIL reflects the characteristics of hail falling.The strengthening and weakening of mesocyclones provide a good indicator for determining the strength changes of supercells.(4)The X-band phased array radar detection capability is better than that of Haicang S-band radar,and its KDP performance is better than that of S-band radar in effective echoes.X-band phased array radar has enhanced detection sensitivity in liquid particle detection.However,X-band phased array radar shows reduced detection capability for reflectivities below 15 dBZ and above 70 dBZ compared to the Haicang S-band radar,and the gust front of the supercell is not detected.Its detection intensity is about 5-20 dBZ lower than that of S-band radar.
Keywords：hailX-band dual polarization phased array radarcollaborative observationZDRKDP
Publication Date：2025-08-30
Online Publishing Date：2025-09-23(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：15( 504-518 )