Equity Analysis of Spatial Accessibility of Park Green Space from the Perspective of Community Differentiation:A Case Study Based on Gusu District,Suzhou City

YANG Huanluo; LIU Zhiqiang; HONG Genwei; YU Hui

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2024.12.011

Abstract：Communities serve as the fundamental units for urban residents'daily lives,urban renewal,and the configuration of public service facilities.There is increasing internal homogeneity within a community and heterogeneity among communities regarding social composition and built environment during rapid urbanization.As social and spatial differentiation intensifies,it further leads to the increasingly remarkable imbalance in the allocation of urban public facilities and gentrification,continuously intensifying supply-demand conflict.Park green space is an important but limited public service facility that meets residents'daily recreational needs.Judging park green space layout accurately,scientifically,and reasonably is crucial.At present,research on the social equity of park green space has attracted wide attention and has become increasingly mature.However,few studies focus on community-scale that aligns with the practice subject,and no comparative analysis on equity among various types of park green space is available yet.As China's urban planning and governance enters the phase of stock renewal,urban management has shifted its attention to community-scale and refined planning philosophies like"community life circle"are implemented gradually.Research on spatial accessibility and equity of park green space based on different types and overall serviceability of park green space from the perspective of community differentiation has important significance to improving residents'well-being and achieving equalization of services in park green space. A community-scale case study on equity of accessibility of park green space in Gusu District,Suzhou,was carried out by characterizing park green space needs with community types.First,the accessibility of different park green space types in different types of communities was measured and analyzed by the Ga2SFCA method.Second,contributions of accessibility differences on the community scale were verified by introducing the scale variance and Theil indices.Finally,the park green space resource level in different types of communities was measured based on accessibility by using Gini coefficients,share indices and location entropy,and equity in park green space layout was analyzed. Some major results could be drawn.(1)Community is a suitable scale to study the equity of park green space.There is community differentiation in accessibility overall and different types of park green space in Gusu District,especially in comprehensive parks and community parks.(2)There is a significant difference in spatial accessibility among different types of communities in Gusu District,ranking as follows:security housing＞commercial housing＞mixed community＞traditional community＞unit-type community.Comprehensive parks can influence spatial accessibility greatly.(3)Traditional and security housing communities with a high proportion of the disadvantageous groups enjoy more park green spaces and exhibit higher equity levels.Comprehensive parks significantly affect the accessibility equity of park green space,while amusement parks influence it slightly.This study addresses the limitations of previous studies that ignore mixed habitation of different groups within some space during equity evaluation.Focusing on differentiation and synergism of different park green space types,this study evaluates accessibility equity of park green space from the perspectives of population demand and space supply.It provides references for community-based planning and governance of national land and supports human-oriented and refined optimization of park green space layout.