Research on the Coordinated Development of Innovative Activities Agglomeration and Urban Space:A Measurement Analysis Based on Guangzhou Patent Application Data

ZHOU Kebin; SHI Haochen; WANG Shifu; ZHAO Miaoxi; LIU Yao

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2024.12.001

Abstract：Innovative activities exhibit a high degree of spatial correlation and significant agglomeration characteristics.Analyzing the spatiotemporal evolution of innovative activities is the core topic for exploring the coordinated development laws of innovation agglomeration and urban areas.This study built a research framework for the co-development of innovation agglomeration and urban areas was built.Based on the patent authorization data in Guangzhou from 2006 to 2020,the periods of innovation agglomeration and spatiotemporal features of accumulation changes and their correlations with urban spatial development were explored using the kernel density method and spatiotemporal cube model. Based on cross-sectional data,this study first discovers the disequilibrium distribution and polarization trend of innovation agglomeration in Guangzhou with the expansion of urban space.It is divided into three development stages:core agglomeration and expansion,peripheral progressive extension,and the emergence of a polycentric hierarchical structure.These stages correspond to urban spatial structures in different development periods,showing point-axis expansion patterns,thus forming the innovation core area,innovation subcenter and peripheral innovation area.Moreover,knowledge-oriented space,technology-oriented space,and service-oriented space corresponding to three types of core innovation entities(universities,research institutions,and enterprises)match with higher education and research areas,science and innovation industrial areas,and business service office areas in urban areas to some extent.This indicates that the spatial evolution of innovation activities relies on the spatial supply and resource aggregation brought by urban spatial planning and expansion as well as the city's core innovative resources and competitive industries. Second,this study divides the cumulative variation characteristics of innovative activities in Guangzhou into three types from the life cycle perspective of industries and enterprises by combining them with spatiotemporal hotspot features of patent authorization data.Three hotspot areas of innovation agglomeration were discovered:stable hotspot,emerging hotspot,and accelerating hotspot.The stable growth area represented by continuous hotspots signifies that innovation activities in Guangzhou have entered the accumulation stage of innovative spatial development,manifested as the gradual transition from traditional universities and research institutions to a diverse array of entities such as headquarters,finance,and technology service enterprises.Additionally,the innovation output of technology-oriented and service-oriented innovation spaces continues to increase at a stable rate,with a balanced emphasis on basic and industrial innovation.The regions of new hotspots are in the nascent stage of innovation space,which relies more on the spatial supply and resource aggregation brought by urban expansion and renewal.The high-intensity growth area represented by accelerating hotspots has evolved into the acceleration stage of innovation space,highlighting the importance of the close industry-university-research collaboration mode.The analysis results of spatiotemporal hotspots reflect that the agglomeration and change of innovation activities result from existing innovation accumulation and urban spatial extension. Finally,the study explores the relationship between the spillover patterns and characteristics of innovation agglomeration and the supply modes of innovation space,summarized as three aspects.(1)The spillover of innovation activities prefers spatial proximity and new spatial supply attraction,which are manifested as proximity expansion and enclave expansion,indicating the correlation between the evolution of urban spatial structure and the agglomeration of innovation activities.(2)The geographical proximity of innovation entities and their dependence on various resources and carriers strengthen the agglomeration and continuous output of innovation results,which is highly correlated with the distribution of urban functional areas.(3)There are characteristic differences in the spatial spillover among different types of innovation entities,and the composition and guidance effectiveness of innovation space expansion are not homogeneous.The spatiotemporal characteristics of innovation agglomeration in Guangzhou indicate that targeted planning guidance can effectively enhance the synergy between innovation agglomeration and urban spatial development.Therefore,the study proposes some suggestions from perspectives of space supply,quality improvement,and mechanism innovation according to the abovementioned characteristics in spatial agglomeration of innovation activities.These include synergistic growth of innovation and urban space,the collaborative optimization of functional layout,and the co-evolution of innovation engines and spaces.