Study on the Spatial Paths of Community Sports Parks to Promote Interpersonal Interactions:Taking Chongqing as an Example

SUN Yawen; TAN Shaohua

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0232.2024.11.011

Abstract：In the context of the stock era,community sports parks have been constructed in large numbers,are favored by residents,and have become an important potential space for promoting interpersonal interactions.However,the spatial path for community sports parks to promote interpersonal interactions is still unclear,making it difficult to optimize further and guide the construction of community parks to maximize their social benefits and promote population health.Existing studies on community parks have established a basic framework of the mechanism of"community parks-interpersonal interactions-social health level,"and many community parks contain spaces for the population to participate in physical activities,which can compensate for the lack of study on community sports parks'role in promoting interpersonal interactions to a certain extent.However,the current study focuses more on confirming the mediating role of"interpersonal interactions,"revealing the posterior pathway of the influence of"interpersonal interactions-social health level,"as well as the influence of the relationship between"community parks"and"social health level."It is still necessary to explore the potential path between"community sports parks"and"interpersonal interactions"in the pre-production stage of community sports parks.There are many factors affecting the interactions in community sports parks—including spatial,individual,and activity factors—and the structural relationship between their influences is still unclear.Consequently,the study employs the machine learning-based Bayesian belief network,which is able to make inferences from unambiguous relationships. Taking three community sports parks in Chongqing as examples,the study analyzes the interaction aggregation and participation characteristics of three common types of spaces:internal equipment,paths,and venues.It adopts the Bayesian belief network to identify the spatial paths of the three types of spaces to promote interpersonal interactions,clarify the key elements to improve the level of interpersonal interactions and put forward spatial optimization suggestions.There are three significant findings.First,the venue space has the best effect in promoting interpersonal communication and should be prioritized in the case of limited land resources.There should be a focus on improving the environmental quality of the equipment and venue space farther away from the park entrances and exits,adding rest facilities and enhancing botanical landscape design to better promote neighborhood communication outside of sports.Second,there are multiple interactive spatial paths in equipment,path,and venue space to promote interpersonal interactions,and the structural elements of activity and perception play a mediating influence.In the equipment space,accessibility,view screening,fitness equipment,and green visibility have the strongest path roles mediated by physical activity.In the path space,accessibility and spatial enclosure have the strongest path roles mediated by view shielding.In the venue space,the direct path role in the sports field is the strongest.Third,to meet the demand for quantity and ensure the"quality improvement"of convenient sports facilities,community sports parks are recommended to have three or more children's facilities,three or more sports fields,and the path should be between 1.2 m and 1.5 m wide.The sports environment that creates high-quality greenery and attracts recreational interactions can promote the level of interpersonal interactions through"quality improvement."It is recommended to focus on the configuration of rest facilities in the vicinity of sports fields.The density of rest facilities should be not less than 6-10 sets/100 m,the richness of vegetation should reach the range of 1.3-2.1,and the degree of view occlusion of paths should be within 11%-20%or 21%-27%.These finding are the planning and design basis for clear economic and technical indicators to improve the level of interpersonal interactions.