The Role of Ecological Wisdom in Architectural Heritage:A Case Study based on Wind Environment of Architectural Complex in BaiLuDong Academy
ZHAO Zhiqing
ZHANG Siyi
PENG Yizhan
Abstract：Fengshui layout has been widely used in the overall planning of architectural complexes in ancient Chinese architectural design,due to its extensive cultural heritage and abundant ecological wisdom.A case study based on the architectural complex of Jiangxi Bailudong Academy was carried out.The representative dragon-tiger-sandstone Fengshui layout was utilized in this architectural complex.The positive effects of Fengshui layout on ventilation of architectural complexes were analyzed.An environmental layout with heterogeneous Fengshui characteristics was proposed using a comparative technique.Further,the wind environment of architectural complex was simulated via computational fluid mechanics(CFD),in an effort to analyze the differences between the two layouts in courtyard wind environment.Further,a comprehensive field investigation was conducted,including specific data of architectural complex and field measurements of wind environmental data.
Regression coupling between field measurements and PHOENICS numerical simulation as well as Pearson correlation analysis validated the role of PHOENICS in CFD simulation.It also ensured the reliability of simulation.The results suggested that the proportion of areas with comfortable wind speed in courtyard using Fengshui layout was higher than in courtyard using a heterogeneous layout in summer,thus providing cooler and more pleasant environment.Further,the differences in air pressure in front of and behind the main houses with Fengshui layout were an advantage in summer.The proportion of houses with favorable ventilation was 13.3%higher than that of houses with unfavorable Fengshui layout.This approach has practical application in ventilation optimization of architectural complexes in summer.
In winter,Fengshui layout allows adjustment of wind speed and pressure in building courtyard.The results suggested that Fengshui prevented diffusion of cold air effectively and contributed to a warmer and more pleasant living environment in winter.The average wind speed of courtyard without Fengshui layout was about 1.842-fold the speed in courtyard with a Fengshui layout.The Fengshui layout led to a relatively lower average wind speed and generated more pleasant conditions for outdoor activities in winter.Evaluation of wind pressure differences in front of and behind the main house showed that 87.6%of the main houses in Fengshui layout conformed to standards of indoor ventilation in winter,which was 12.3%higher than that of architectural complexes without Fengshui layout.Therefore,the Fengshui layout offers adequate thermal comfort in cold season.Further,it demonstrates the smart application of Fengshui wisdom in ancient buildings to adapt to seaonal changes.It also reveals the characteristics of"storing wind and gathering energy"using the Fengshui layout.
These results not only validate the practical effects of Fengshui layout on improving wind environment in courtyard,but also significantly improve the general physical environment of architectural complex.In the current low-carbon background,studies involving microclimate in architectural heritage have raised serious concerns.Theoretical standards of reference and technological insights in this study strongly reinforce the study and practice on Fengshui layout.Hence,the scientific analysis of Fengshui layout provides insight into the cultural wisdom integrated in ancient architectural design,for application to modern architecture,and promotes sustainable development of buildings.
Keywords：ecological wisdomwind environment of buildingsBailudong Academydragon-tiger-sandstone Fengshui layoutCFD simulation
Publication Date：2023-12-28
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：9( 49-57 )