Study on probiotics inhibiting intestinal flora imbalance and alleviating intestinal mucosal injury after cardiopulmonary bypass recovery
MA Chen
ZHOU Dandan
GAO Wei
Abstract：Objective To investigate the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB)surgery for congenital heart disease(CHD)on intestinal microbiota and evaluate the therapeutic potential of probiotics in modulating dysbiosis for preventing postoperative complications after CHD surgery.Methods Eighteen male specific pathogen free(SPF)SD rats,aged 2 weeks,weighing(80±20 g)were randomly divided into the control group(n=6),the CPB group(n=6),and the probiotic groups(n=6)according to random number table method.Intestinal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing.Mucosal injury was assessed by HE staining and cognitive function was evaluated using Morris water maze(MWM)testing.Results CPB induced severe intestinal dysbiosis in juvenile rats,manifested as decreased α-diversity,enrichment of opportunistic pathogens(e.g.,Clostridium,Spirochaetes)and a reduction in beneficial bacteria(e.g.,Muribaculaceae,Prevotella).Probiotic intervention effectively restored microbial diversity and inhibited the proliferation of pathogens.β-diversity analysis revealed significant microbial structural differences between the control group and the CPB group(P＜0.001),with probiotics shifting the structure toward controls.LEfSe analysis indicated that the CPB group was enriched with pro-inflammatory bacteria(e.g.,Spirochaetaceae,Lachnospiraceae),while probiotics promoted the proliferation of anti-inflammatory genera(e.g.,Oscillospiraceae,Lactobacillus).Probiotics significantly alleviated mucosal injury(lower Chiu scores,downregulated CLDN2,inhibited MAPK pathway,decreased apoptosis;P＜0.05)and improved spatial memory deficits(longer target quadrant time;P＜0.05).Conclusion CPB can disrupt intestinal microbiota,induce intestinal mucosal injury and cause spatial memory impairment.Probiotics intervention can restore microbial homeostasis and mitigate CPB-associated intestinal mucosal injury and spatial memory impairment.
Keywords：congenital heart diseasecardiopulmonary bypassintestinal mucosal injuryprobioticsintestinal microbiota
Publication Date：2026-02-15
Online Publishing Date：2026-03-19(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：7( 56-62 )