Anesthetic effect and safety evaluation of oxycodone combined with dexmedetomi-dine assisted local anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing percutaneous vertebro-plasty

LI Xiufang; ZHANG Xihua; HAO Quanshui; XIA Rui

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-2681.2025.02.005

Abstract：Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of oxycodone combined with dexmedetomidine assisted local anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty.Methods A total of 120 patients with single vertebral osteoporosis compression fracture,aged 65-80 years,BM1 18-30 kg/m2,ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ,from January 2023 to June 2024 were selected from Huanggang Central Hospital.Patients were divided into four groups,oxycodone combined with dexmedetomidine+local anesthesia group(group A,n=30),oxycodone+local anesthesia group(group B,n=30),dexmedetomidine+local anesthesia group(group C,n=30)and local anesthesia control group(group D,n=30),according to random number table method.Heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),respiratory rate(RR)and pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2)were recorded at 5 min before being in prone position(T0),the time of skin resection(T,),the time when puncture needle reached vertebra(T2),the time when bone cement was injected and expanded(T3),the time after surgery(T4),and the time before leaving the anesthesia recovery room(T5).Pain visual analogue score(VAS),Ramsay score,and adverse reactions in each group,such as respiratory depression,circulatory fluctuation,nausea and vomiting,and in-traoperative body movement were also recorded at each time point.Results Compared with group D,there were significant differences in HR and MAP at T,,T2,T3 and T4 in group A,group B and group C(P＜0.05).VAS scores and Ramsay scores at T,,T2,T3 and T4 ingroup A,group B and group C were significantly different,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).Compared with group D,the incidence of intraoperative adverse reactions such as agitation,arrhythmia,nausea and vomiting in group A(13.3％vs 46.7％)had statistical significance(P＜0.05),while the incidence of adverse reactions among group A,group B and group C had no statistical signif-icance(P＞0.05).Conclusion Oxycodone combined with dexmedetomidine has significant analgesic and sedative effects,and the inci-dence of adverse reactions is low,so it has high clinical application value.