Analysis of the distribution characteristics of immune cells in pediatric bronchopneumonia and its correlation with airway hyperreactivity

YANG Ni; CHEN Liujuan

doi:10.13431/j.cnki.immunol.j.20240125

Abstract：Objective To investigate the distribution of immune cells in children with bronchopneumonia and its relationship with airway hyperreactivity.Methods A total of 600 hospitalized children with bronchopneumonia admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were selected as the study objects.They were divided into normal airway group(n=286)and airway hyperreaction group(n=314)according to whether airway hyperreactivity occurred.Clinical data of the two groups were compared.The changes of immune cells(CD3+,CD3+CD4+,CD3+CD8+,CD4+/CD8+)and respiratory tract response indicators(respiratory resistance,response threshold,resistance rise slope)before and after treatment were compared between the two groups,and the intra-group comparison analysis was further conducted.Log-binomial model was used to analyze the risk effect of airway hyperreactivity of different immune cells and different pathogens,and multi-factor Logistics regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of airway hyperreactivity.Results There were significant differences in immune cells(CD3+,CD3+CD4+,CD3+CD8+,CD4+/CD8+)and respiratory tract response indexes(respiratory resistance,response threshold,resistance rise slope)between the two groups(P＜0.05).CD3+,CD3+CD4+,CD3+CD8+,CD4+/CD8+,EGFR,hs-CRP,IL-10,CXCL13,HSP90,IgG and IgA were the independent influencing factors of airway hyperresponsiveness in children with bronchial pneumonia(P＜0.01).Patients with CD3+CD8+characteristics had the highest risk of gram-negative bacteria infection,which was 1.83 times higher than those without hyperreactivity.Patients with CD3+CD4+characteristics had the lowest risk of gram-negative bacteria infection,which was 1.31 times higher than those without hyperreactivity.Patients with CD3+CD8+characteristics had the highest risk of gram-positive infection,1.81 times higher than those with stable types,and patients with CD3+CD4+characteristics had the lowest risk of gram-positive infection,1.22 times higher than those with stable types.Conclusion This study not only uncovers the close relationship between the distribution characteristics of immune cells and airway hyperreactivity in pediatric bronchial pneumonia,but also identifies multiple independent influencing factors and preliminarily explores the relationship between immune cell characteristics and infection risk.