Innovation and practice of quadrilateral development model for coal resources

ZHANG Jixiong; ZHANG Qiang; ZHOU Nan; LI Meng; JU Feng

doi:10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2025.0208

Abstract：China's coal mining technology has undergone many innovations,with continuous improvements in the intensi-fication and modernization levels of coal production.To achieve high-quality energy development in the new era,low-car-bon development and clean utilization of coal resources are imperative.This paper proposes a quaternary development model of coal resources aligned with high-quality energy development,namely constructing an integrated underground de-velopment system comprising roadway layout(excavation),coal mining(mining),coal gangue separation(selection),and solid waste backfilling(backfilling).This creates a coordinated production system layout of underground excavation-min-ing-selection-backfilling.A theoretical and technical framework for the quaternary development model is established.The-oretical aspects encompass key scientific issues such as mine quaternary development system layout methods,rock strata control theory for backfill mining,separation methods under constrained spatial conditions of quaternary development,and performance regulation mechanisms for solid waste in the quaternary development.Technological aspects include critical development technologies such as preparatory excavation,efficient mining-backfilling,high-efficiency separation,and preparation and deployment of backfilling materials.An engineering design method for the quaternary development of coal resources is presented,elaborating on the theoretical and methodological innovations of the quaternary development model from the perspectives of system layout,surrounding rock control,underground separation,and material perform-ance regulation.Additionally,core technologies closely associated with the quaternary framework,including roadway lay-out,coal mining,coal gangue separation,and solid waste backfilling,are systematically reviewed.Typical engineering practice cases validate the significant advantages of the quaternary development model in emission reduction,energy con-servation,mitigation of mining disturbances,and improved resource recovery rates.The quaternary development model effectively resolves the contradiction between resource exploitation and environmental protection,representing an import-ant path for the green and low-carbon development of China's coal resources.In the future,it will integrate with the de-mands of new energy development in mines,further expanding its theoretical and technological systems.