Status quo and trend of blasting technology in open-pit coal mine fire area

WANG Guilin; FEI Honglu; LIU Bingxuan; GUO Jiwei; ZHANG Jianjun; BAI Runcai

doi:10.12438/cst.2024-0595

Abstract：Blasting in open-pit coal mine fire areas poses a threat to the safety of blasting operations.In recent decades,engineering and technical personnel at home and abroad have made some achievements in the heat stability of explosive materials,monitoring technology of high-temperature fire area temperature field,and high-temperature blasting technology,providing technical support for the design and construction of fire area blasting.However,there are still bottlenecks in high-temperature fire area blasting technology,such as intelligent monitoring of blast hole temperature during blasting construction,development of high temperature resistant explosive materials,and large-scale fire area blasting technology.In order to achieve safe and efficient blasting in open-pit coal mine fire areas,this paper summarizes and analyzes the blasting technology in open-pit coal mine fire areas,proposes a system and development direction for efficient and safe blasting technology in fire areas:constructing a three-dimensional engineering geological model of the temperature field in the fire area,using fiber Bragg gratings for full hole depth temperature measurement,developing a real-time monitoring system for the temperature field in the fire area,and realizing temperature monitoring and early warning during blasting construction process;Optimize inhibitors and flash point enhancers for high-temperature resistant explosives,optimize explosive formulations,and develop high-temperature resistant explos-ive materials;The selection of cooling methods and insulation materials for high-temperature blast holes,as well as the design of insula-tion protection devices for drug packaging;Develop a failure apparatus of charge when the temperature safety threshold is exceeded for the charge inside the hole;Design an one-way blasting network for high-temperature fire areas;The zoning adopts a construction method that combines strengthened loosening,loosening blasting,weak loosening blasting techniques,and the"three small and one long"approach;Develop regulations for blasting operations in high-temperature coal seam fire areas to achieve information and intelligence in fire area blasting.Conducting in-depth research on key technologies for open-pit coal mine fire area blasting has important theoretical and engineer-ing value for improving the safety and efficiency of open-pit coal mine fire area blasting.