Review on residential energy consumption and its environmental health impacts in China

MA Teng; LIU Yuan; WANG Jiaqi; DAI Hancheng

Abstract：In the context of climate change and air pollution,the residential sector-ranked as the third-largest end-user energy consumer after industry and transportation-has become a critical target for pollution and carbon mitigation.This review synthesizes research progress across three dimensions:drivers of residential energy consumption,simulation modeling of residential energy use,and its environmental health impacts.Key findings include:① Household income and energy costs are pivotal factors influencing energy choices,while rising temperatures under climate change amplify cooling energy demand but reduce heating energy demand.② Current residential energy simulations predominantly employ bottom-up accounting models,technology-optimization models,or multinomial logit models,integrating socioeconomic variables with technical parameters for energy assessments-yet often overlook climate adaptation behaviors.③ Research on environmental health effects is shifting from"exposure assessment"to"intervention evaluation".Solid fuel combustion causes severe indoor pollution,while stove upgrades and clean energy transitions effectively mitigate risks;outdoor health impacts are quantified via atmospheric chemistry models and exposure-response relationships,though policy evaluations of low-carbon interventions remain limited.Future studies should refine residential energy simulation systems by incorporating climate adaptation mechanisms and strengthen assessments of energy-environment-health effects under intervention measures to advance sustainable residential energy transitions.