Analysis of the Volatile Component Characteristics of Different Tobacco Extracts Based on HS-SPME-GC-MS and Electronic Nose

ZHAO Xiaoyun; HAN Lu; LI Shaohua; CUI Xiaochuang; ZHAO Lili

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-4749.2026.01.003

Abstract：As an important raw material for tobacco flavoring,tobacco extracts mainly include different forms of products such as extract,tobacco tincture,essential oil and refined oil.This study aimed to investigate the differences in volatile components of different tobacco extracts,headspace solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS)and electronic nose were used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the volatile components of four typical tobacco extracts,including tobacco tincture,extract,essential oil and refined oil.Hierarchical clustering heat map was used for visual analysis.The results showed that,based on HS-SPME-GC-MS analysis,the volatile components of tobacco tincture,extract and essential oil were relatively complex,while the volatile components of refined oil were relatively simple.Among them,47 volatile components were identified in tobacco tincture,45 volatile components were identified in extract,43 volatile components were identified in essential oil,and 35 volatile components were identified in refined oil.Moreover,there were differences in the main volatile components of different tobacco extracts.The volatile components of tobacco tincture were mainly esters(44.12%)and ketones(21.25%).The volatile components of the extract were mainly ketones(42.69%)and alcohols(22.25%).The volatile components of essential oil were mainly ketones(71.05%).The volatile components of refined oil were mainly ketones(57.34%)and esters(17.63%).Based on the electronic nose analysis,it was found that there were significant differences in the contents of aromatic compounds and nitrogen oxides in the volatile components of tobacco tincture,extract,essential oil and refined oil,and the variation coefficients of sensor response values was 35.60%and 48.70%.The results of hierarchical clustering heat map showed that the volatile components of tobacco tincture,extract,essential oil and refined oil showed obvious clustering differences.Megastigmatrienones(Including three isomers Ⅰ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ),α-damascenone,solanone,nicotine and 2-acetylpyrrole were the common core aroma substances.The results confirmed that there were significant differences in the aroma characteristics of tobacco extracts prepared by different processes,which provided a scientific basis for the development of cigarette flavoring technology and product innovation.