Analysis of risk factors for oral infections after dental implant restoration in patients with syphilis serofast reaction

ZHAO Jinhua; LUO Jing; WANG Weina

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8468.2025.08.002

Abstract：Objective To explore the risk factors for oral infections after dental implant resto-ration in patients with syphilis serofast reaction.Methods A total of 121 patients with syphilis serofast reaction(132 implant sites)who underwent dental implant restoration in the Department of Stomatology,Southern Theater Command General Hospital from March 2019 to December 2024 were enrolled in the study group.Another 121 non-serofast syphilis patients(138 implant sites)who received implant restoration during the same period served as the control group.Basic clinical data and oral infection rates were compared between these two groups.The study group was further divided into a non-infection subgroup(n=106)and an oral infection subgroup(n=15)based on the presence of oral infections.Differences in basic clinical data,characteristics of dentition de-fects,and implant restoration features were compared between the two subgroups.Changes in sali-vary inflammatory factor levels before implantation and 1 week after implantation were also ana-lyzed.Univariate logistic regression analysis,collinearity test,and multivariate linear regression a-nalysis were used to identify factors influencing post-implant oral infections in patients with syphilis serofast reaction.Results After implant restoration,the infection rate was significantly higher in the study group than in the controls[15/121 cases(12.4％)vs.6/121 cases(5％),x2=4.22,P＜0.05].A total of 22 pathogenic strains were detected in the 15 infected patients of the study group,including 14 anaerobic bacteria(63.6％),3 Porphyromonas gingivalis(13.7％),and 5 oral streptococci(22.7％).Compared with the non-infection subgroup,the oral infection subgroup had higher proportion of patients with a history of smoking,diabetes mellitus,multiple tooth loss,previous periodontal disease,and implant restoration duration ≥1 hour(all P＜0.05).One week after implantation,the levels of CRP,IL-6 and TNF-α in both the oral infection group and the non-infection group were significantly higher than before treatment.Moreover,the levels of CRP,IL-6,and TNF-α in the oral infection group were higher than those in the non-infection group(P＜0.05).Univariate logistic regression,collinearity test,and multivariate linear regression an-alyses showed that a history of diabetes mellitus,and CRP and IL-6 levels one week after implan-tation were independent risk factors for post-implant oral infections in patients with syphilis serofast reaction(P＜0.05).Conclusions In patients with syphilis serofast reaction undergoing dental implant restoration,postoperative oral infections are predominantly caused by anaerobic bacteria.A history of diabetes and elevated levels of inflammatory markers after surgery are independent risk factors for infections following dental implantation.