Analysis of specific IgE allergens in patients with urticaria and allergic rhinitis

REN Sun; WU Tingting; MIN Wei

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8468.2025.06.005

Abstract：Objective To elucidate the distribution of serum allergen-specific IgE(sIgE)in patients with urticaria and allergic rhinitis,providing guidance for the prevention and management of these diseases.Methods Enzyme immunoblotting was used to measure sIgE levels in 280 pa-tients with urticaria and 282 patients with allergic rhinitis who visited the hospital between January 2022 and December 2023.The commonalities and differences in allergen distribution were com-pared between the two groups.Results The total positive rate of sIgE in patients with urticaria was 90.35％.The positive rates of inhaled and ingested allergens were 76.43％and 46.07％,respectively.The most common allergens were house dust mites/dermatophagoides,cockroaches and mixed grass.The total positive rate of sIgE in patients with allergic rhinitis was 91.13％.The positive rates of inhaled and ingested allergens were 81.21％and 46.81％,respectively.The most common allergens were house dust mites/dermatophagoides,cockroaches and dwarf ragweed.Patients with allergic rhinitis had a higher sIgE positive rate for dog dander,humulus scandens,beef,and amaranth compared to those with urticaria(all P＜0.05),whereas patients with urti-caria had a higher sIgE positive rate for tree pollen mixtures and shrimp compared to those with al-lergic rhinitis(all P＜0.05).Conclusions There are certain differences in allergen distribution between patients with urticaria and allergic rhinitis.However,both are primarily associated with inhaled allergens,with the most common allergens being house dust mites/dermatophagoides and cockroaches.