Experimental study on the effect of apolipoprotein D expression on the biological behavior of cervical squamous cell carcinoma cells

GONG Jun; SHI Xiaohui; LUO Juan

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0460.2025.12.002

Abstract：Objective To study the expression of apolipoprotein D(APOD)in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and the regulatory mechanism of APOD expression level on the proliferation of cervical squamous cell carcinoma cells.Method The expression of APOD in normal cervical tissues and cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissues was analyzed using GSE39001 data.The relationship between the expression level of APOD and the tumor proliferation-related gene set and the prognosis of patients was analyzed using the TCGA database.The APOD overexpression plasmid was transfected into the SiHa cell line and SW756 cell line of cervical squamous cell carcinoma.The effects of APOD overexpression on cell proliferation ability and cell cycle were detected.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of related proteins in the PTEN/Akt signaling pathway.Results GSE39001 dataset showed that the expression of APOD in the tissues of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma was significantly decreased compared with normal cervical tissues(P<0.001).TCGA data analysis shows that the low expression of APOD in cervical squamous cell carcinoma tumor tissues is significantly negatively correlated with the tumor proliferation-related gene set.Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the prognosis of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma in the APOD low expression group was relatively poor(HR=0.543,95%CI:0.328-0.9,P<0.05).Compared with the SiHa-Control group and the SW756-Control group,the absorbance values(A values)of cells in the SiHa-APOD-OE group and the SW756-APOD-OE group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the SiHa-Control group,the proportion of cells in the G1 phase in the SiHa-APOD-OE group increased significantly[(15.45±2.78)%vs.(28.34±4.01)%].The proportion of cells in the S phase decreased significantly[(48.32±4.35)%vs.(33.05±4.28)%],and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the SiHa-Control group and the SW756-Control group,the expression of PTEN protein in the SiHa-APOD-OE group and the SW756-APOD-OE group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the expression of p-Akt/Akt was decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion APOD is significantly lowly expressed in cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissues and negatively regulates the PTEN/Akt signaling pathway,thereby affecting the cell cycle and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation.