Progression of immune checkpoint in breast cancer
JING Jing
ZHANG Minghui
Abstract：Immune checkpoint plays an important role in maintaining self-tolerance and preventing immune system from attacking normal tissues.Tumor cells take advantage of these mechanisms to evade immune recognition.At present,the most important immune checkpoints are cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4(CTLA4),programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1).PD-L1 binds PD-1 to reduce the cellular immune response by inducing T-cell apoptosis or exhaustion.Immune checkpoint blockade improves the survival of patients with cancer.Despite the limited understanding,checkpoint blockade as a novel therapeutic approach may change the treatment paradigm of breast cancer in the future.In this paper,recent advances of immune checkpoint blockade in breast cancer are reviewed.
Keywords：Breast cancerImmune checkpointImmune checkpoint blockade
Publication Date：2017-01-01
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：4( 748-751 )