Effect of single application of concentrated growth factor membrane on the osteogenesis after transcrestal sinus floor elevation in patients with different sinus floor morphologies

ZHANG Wei; XUE Changao; REN Cheng

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-3429.2026.05.011

Abstract：Objective To investigate the effects of applying the concentrated growth factor(CGF)membrane alone on osteogenesis,pain,and complications in patients with different sinus floor morphologies after transcrestal sinus floor elevation(TSFE).Methods A total of 88 patients who underwent TSFE and received implant placement simultaneously from January 2022 to October 2024 were retrospectively included.The morphology of the maxillary sinus floor was classified as flat type,inclined type,and depressed type based on preoperative cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)of the oral cavity.The patients were divided into the observation group(n=45)and the control group(n=43)according to whether they used grafting materials.In the observation group,only a CGF membrane was applied to cover the elevated sinus membrane,while no biomaterials were placed in the control group.Preoperatively and immediately after surgery,at 6 months and 12 months after surgery,the implant protrusion length into the maxillary sinus(IPL),alveolar bone height at the implant site(ABH),endo-sinus bone gain height(ESBG),and bone height at the apical area of the implant(BHAA)were measured using CBCT.The postoperative visual analogue scale(VAS)pain scores and complications were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in IPL immediately after surgery between the two groups(P>0.05),nor significant difference in IPL immediately after surgery among patients with different maxillary sinus floor morphologies in the observation group(P>0.05).At 6 and 12 months after surgery,the ESBG,BHAA,and ABH in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).At 6 and 12 months after surgery,the ESBG,BHAA,and ABH in patients with flat sinus floor morphology in the observation group were lower than those in patients with inclined or depressed sinus floor morphology(P<0.05).At one week after surgery,the VAS pain score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Within 2 weeks after surgery,the total incidence of complications in the observation group was 8.89%(4/45),which was lower than 25.58%(11/43)in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of CGF membranes alone is beneficial for the osteogenesis after TSFE surgery,promoting new bone formation,reducing pain,and minimizing complications.However,its osteogenic efficacy is affected by the morphology of the maxillary sinus floor.The spatial maintenance ability and osteogenic volume in the flat sinus floor are lower than those in the inclined and depressed types.