Application effect of Dexamethasone combined with Tropisetron in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting in elderly patients undergoing thoracolumbar spinal surgery under general anesthesia
LIU Lingyan
SONG Weiwei
CHEN Xiaotao
XU Hongxia
RONG Lingyan
YANG Caixia
Abstract：Objective To observe the application effect of Dexamethasone and Tropisetron alone and in combination in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)in elderly patients undergoing thoracolumbar spinal surgery under general anesthesia.Methods A total of 450 patients undergoing thoracolumbar spinal surgery under general anesthesia from September 2023 to March 2025 were selected and divided into Dexamethasone group(n=150),Tropisetron group(n=150)and combination group(n=1 50)by envelope random method.Before induction of general anesthesia,Dexamethasone group was injected with Dexamethasone,Tropisetron group was injected with Tropisetron,and combination group was injected with Dexamethasone and Tropisetron.The incidence of PONV,the administration of Metoclopramide,the visual analogue scale(VAS)pain score and the dosage of postoperative analgesics were compared among the three groups at different time points after operation.Results The total incidence of PONV in the combination group was lower than that in the Dexamethasone group and the Tropisetron group at 0-1,1-6,6-12,12-24,and 24-48 h after operation(P＜0.05).The administration rate of Metoclopramide in combination group was lower than that in Dexamethasone group and Tropisetron group at 0-1 h,1-6 h,6-12 h and 12-24 h after operation(P＜0.05).Compared with those at 1 h after operation,the VAS pain scores of pain at 6,12,24 and 48 h after operation in the three groups were decreased,and the VAS pain scores at 1,6,12 and 24 h after operation in the combination group were lower than those in the Dexamethasone group and the Tropisetron group(P＜0.05).The postoperative dosage of Sufentanil was(35.92±5.69)μg in Dexamethasone group,(35.15±5.41)μg in Tropisetron group,and(34.44±6.27)μg in combination group.There was no significant difference in the dosage of Sufentanil among the three groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The combined use of Dexamethasone and Tropisetron can significantly reduce the incidence of PONV,the administration rate of Metoclopramide and postoperative pain in elderly patients undergoing thoracolumbar spinal surgery under general anesthesia,without significant influence on postoperative dosage of analgesics.
Keywords：thoracolumbar spinal surgerygeneral anesthesiaTropisetronDexamethasonepostoperative nausea and vomitingpainanalgesia
Publication Date：2026-02-28
Online Publishing Date：2026-03-17(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：6( 58-63 )