Investigation on cognitive function of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and analysis of influencing factors

WANG Yujiao; SONG Guoying; CHE Li

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-3429.2025.19.011

Abstract：Objective To analyze the cognitive function in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)and its influencing factors.Methods Sixty-one children with ADHD who were admitted from September 2023 to September 2024 were included in the ADHD group,and another 70 healthy children undergoing physical examinations during the same period were taken as the control group.All the included research subjects were evaluated for core symptoms,social function and cognitive function using the Chinese version of the swanson,nolan,and pelham,version Ⅳ scale(SNAP-Ⅳ)for parents,Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scales(WFIRS),and the Chinese version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Ⅳ scale(WISC-Ⅳ).The general data and scores of each scale of the two groups were compared.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation of cognitive function with core symptoms and social function in children with ADHD.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors influencing the cognitive function of children with ADHD.Results The proportion of positive family history,the scores of each dimension of SNAP-Ⅳ,and the scores of each dimension of WFIRS in the ADHD group were all higher than those in the control group,while the scores of other dimensions of WISC-Ⅳ except perceptual reasoning,and the total intelligence quotient(IQ)were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).The scores of all dimensions of WISC-Ⅳ except perceptual reasoning,and the total IQ of children with ADHD were negatively correlated with the scores of each dimension of SNAP-Ⅳ and each dimension of WFIRS(P<0.01).There were significant differences in the total IQ scores of children with ADHD among those with different parents'educational levels,positive family history,family education methods,overall family upbringing environment,and parents'educational opinions(P<0.05,P<0.01).The educational level of parents,positive family history,family education methods,overall family upbringing environment,parents'educational opinions,scores of each dimension of SNAP-Ⅳ and scores of each dimension of WFIRS were all influencing factors of the total IQ scores of children with ADHD(P<0.01).Conclusion Children with ADHD have a certain degree of cognitive impairment,which is closely related to the educational level of their parents,positive family history,family education methods,the overall family upbringing environment,parents'educational opinions,the severity of clinical symptoms,and social functions.Therefore,in clinical practice,targeted treatment and psychological intervention can be carried out based on influencing factors to improve the cognitive function impairment of children with ADHD.