Changes of brain structure based on surface-based morphometry in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with hypertension and its correlation with cognitive impairment
AN Minghui
XU Qian
REN Ruifeng
Abstract：Objective To explore the changes of brain structure and its correlation with cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and hypertension based on surface-based morphometry(SBM).Methods Forty patients with T2DM admitted from June 2022 to October 2023 were selected as the T2DM group,and another 40 patients with T2DM complicated with hypertension were included in the T2DM complicated with hypertension group.The clinical data,SBM-based cortical thickness and Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)scores were compared between the two groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between SBM-based cortical thickness and cognitive scores,and the predictive effect of SBM-based cortical thickness on cognitive dysfunction in patients with T2DM complicated with hypertension was analyzed.Results The fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2-hour postprandial glucose(2 hPG),and Hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)levels in the T2DM complicated with hypertension group were all higher than those in the T2DM group.The cortical thicknesses of bilateral whole brain,paracentral gyrus,posterior central gyrus,precuneus,inferior temporal gyrus,and middle temporal gyrus in the T2DM complicated with hypertension group were all lower than those in the T2DM group,and the total MoCA score,delayed memory,language,visuospatial/executive function,abstract thinking,attention scores,and incidence of cognitive dysfunction were all lower than those in the T2DM group(P<0.05).The cortical thicknesses of bilateral whole brain,paracentral gyrus,posterior central gyrus,precuneus,inferior temporal gyrus,and middle temporal gyrus were positively correlated with the total MoCA score,delayed memory,attention,abstract thinking,visuospatial/executive function,and language scores(P<0.05).The area under the curve of combined detection of various indicators based on SBM cortical thickness for the prediction was 0.929(95%CI:0.801,0.986).Conclusion Patients with T2DM and hypertension exhibit a significant reduction in SBM-based cortical thickness,which is significantly correlated with cognitive impairment and has certain predictive value for patients'cognitive dysfunction.
Keywords：type 2 diabetes mellitussurface-based morphometrycortical thicknesshypertensioncognitive function
Publication Date：2025-08-28
Online Publishing Date：2025-09-12(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：6( 36-41 )