Serum IgE and Eosinophil Levels in Patients with Allergic Bronchopulmo-nary Aspergillosis and Their Clinical Significance

CAI Zhuoxin; WANG Xiaoping; LIU Xiaolu; WANG Minjie; YANG Haiyang; HONG Jiangquan

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-3429.2024.19.007

Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinical features,changes in serum immunoglobulin E(IgE)and eosino-philic granulocyte levels in patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA),and to analyze their diagnostic effi-cacy in ABPA.Methods Clinical data of 210 ABPA patients(observation group)admitted from March 2016 to March 2024 and 200 healthy volunteers under going physical examination during the same period(control group)were retrospectively ana-lyzed,and serum IgE,eosinophile count and eosinophile percentage were compared between the two groups.The pulmonary function and imaging features of ABPA patients were analyzed.Serum IgE,eosinophilic count and eosinophilic percentage of ABPA patients with different clinical features were compared,and the correlation between serum IgE and eosinophilic count was analyzed.The diagnostic efficacy of serum IgE and eosinophil count in ABPA was analyzed by receiver operating charac-teristic(ROC)curve.Results The main clinical manifestations of ABPA patients were cough,phlegm and wheezing.Pul-monary function was mainly manifested as obstructive ventilation dysfunction,and the imaging features were mainly bronchiec-tasis and mucus thrombus.The specific IgE of ABPA patients was(8.76±2.97)kU/L,and the specific immunoglobulin G was(2 294.85±654.13)U/mL.Serum IgE,eosinophil count and eosinophil percentage in observation group were higher than those in control group(P＜0.05).The serum IgE level of ABPA patients with disease course≥12 months was signifi-cantly higher than that of patients with disease course＜12 months,and the eosinophil count level of ABPA patients with bronchiectasis and imaging signs of bronchial mucous plug was higher than that of patients without bronchiectasis and imaging signs of bronchial mucous plug(P＜0.05).There was a positive correlation between serum IgE and eosinophil count in ABPA patients(P＜0.05).The area under the ROC curve of serum IgE and eosinophilic count for the diagnosis of ABPA were 0.885(95%CI:0.822,0.947)and 0.829(95%CI:0.754,0.905),respectively Conclusion Cough,phlegm and wheezing are the main clinical symptoms of ABPA patients,and pulmonary function is mostly manifested as obstructive ventila-tion dysfunction.The imaging features are mainly bronchodilation and mucus thrombus,and the levels of serum IgE and eosin-ophils of patients are obviously abnormal,which may be related to bronchiectasis,mucus thrombus and disease course,and have certain diagnostic value for ABPA.