A Case Report of Gastrointestinal Telangiectasia and Literature Review

ZHOU Wei; ZHANG Hong-wei; CAI Lei; FENG Fan; LI Guo-cai; YANG Xue-wen; LIU Jin-qiang; ZHANG Lei; HONG Liu

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-3429.2016.09.009

Abstract：Objective To investigate the pathogenesis and clinical features of gastrointestinal telangiectasia. Meth-ods Retrospective analysis and review relevant Chinese and foreign literature on one case of gastrointestinal telangiectasia, with symptom of gastrointestinal bleeding were performed. Results The symptom of this case was gastrointestinal bleeding, and the result of gastroscope showed that the capillaries expansion and bleeding were found in gastric antrum, and the postop-erative pathological report showed that the diagnose of this disease was in relevant to gastrointestinal telangiectasia. The review of relevant Chinese literature showed that the median age of the patients was 60 years old. There were 14 females (56%), in whom patients with family history accounting for 40%. The lesion was single, accounting for 84% (21/25). Single lesion of gastric in all of the digestive tract accounted for 20% (5/25), single in the duodenum was 4% (1/25), single in the small intestine was 32% (8/25), and single in the colon accounted for 28% (7/25). Meanwhile, multiple lesions in the digestive tract accounted for 16% (4/25). As for therapeutic strategy, the conservative treatment accounted for 44% (11/25), the endoscopic argon plasma coagulation (APC) treatment accounted for 8% (2/25), the surgical treatment accounted for 36%(9/25), and 3 cases of the treatment were unknown. After the treatment, rates of relief of symptoms and cure accounted for 76% (19/25). Conclusion Gastrointestinal telangiectasia is a rare clinical disease with genetic predisposition. It occurs in different parts of the digestive tract and its clinical manifestations, and therapeutic strategy is related to bleeding part and bleeding extent.