Recent progress in modification strategies of graphitic carbon nitride and their applications for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
FANG Junting
ZHANG Zifan
FAN Jipeng
ZOU Jing
WU Zexing
WANG Haitao
Abstract：Photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production offers a sustainable approach for the effi-cient conversion of solar energy into hydrogen energy.Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4)has emerged as a promising candidate material in this field due to its unique electronic structure,excellent chemical stabili-ty,and good environmental compatibility.However,its inherent limitations,such as a light absorption range mainly confined to the short-wavelength visible region,high recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers,and insufficient surface active sites,severely restrict further enhancement of its catalytic performance.To overcome these bottlenecks,various modification strategies have been developed:het-eroatom doping can modulate the electronic structure and broaden the light absorption range;surface func-tionalization can enrich active sites and optimize interfacial reaction kinetics;constructing heterojunctions effectively promotes charge carrier separation;morphology engineering(e.g.,fabricating hollow nanoves-icles or two-dimensional nanosheets)can increase specific surface area and shorten charge transport dis-tances;and defect engineering can regulate charge distribution and migration behavior.Through synergis-tic effects,these strategies significantly improve the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity and stabili-ty of g-C3N4.Future research should further explore the coupling mechanisms of multi-component modifi-cation techniques to advance its practical application in large-scale hydrogen production.
Keywords：g-C3N4modification strategiesphotocatalytic hydrogen evolutionresearch prospects
Publication Date：2026-08-25
Online Publishing Date：2026-08-28(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：12( 544-555 )