Influencing factors of sarcopenia in type 2 diabetes mellitus and correlations with axial bone mineral density and blood lipids

SHI Erlan; CAO Yonghong

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-1753.2025.01.010

Abstract：Objective To investigate the influencing factors of sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the correlations with axial bone mineral density and blood lipids.Methods A total of 181 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Hefei between January 2020 to June 2022 were selected as the subjects and were divided into the sarcopenia group(n=63)and non-sarcopenia group(n=118).Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to analyze the correlations of the axial bone mineral density(BMD)and blood lipids with sarcopenia in type 2 diabetes patients while Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors for type 2 diabetes patients with sarcopenia.Results The results of correlation analysis showed that L1-L4 BMD,BMD of the left femoral neck and of the right femoral neck,triglyceride and high density lipoprotein were negatively correlated with type 2 diabetes patients with sarcopenia(r=-0.368--0.227,all P＜0.05),while total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein and type 2 diabetes patients with sarcopenia were positively correlated(r=0.250,0.226;P=0.001,0.002).Logistic regression analysis showed the results of osteoporosis(OR=40.906,95%CI=6.246-267.914),glycated hemoglobin A1c,HbA1c(OR=2.583,95%CI=1.619～4.121),total cholesterol(OR=3.555,95%CI=1.852～6.823),low density lipoprotein(OR=3.371,95%CI=1.561～7.276)were risk factors for type 2 diabetes patients with sarcopenia.L1 BMD(OR=0.005,95%CI=0.000～0.938),BMD of the left femoral neck(OR=0.001,95%CI=0.000～0.167),and of the right femoral neck(OR=0.016,95%CI=0.000～0.998),parathyroid hormone,PTH)(OR=0.749,95%CI=0.622～0.901),triglyceride(OR=0.003,95%CI=0.000～0.129),high-density lipoprotein(OR=0.015,95%CI=0.001～0.314),skeletal muscle indexes(OR=0.199,95%CI=0.081～0.489)were protective factors for type 2 diabetes patients with sarcopenia.Conclusion Axial bone mineral density and blood lipids are closely related to sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes,suggesting that the axial bone mineral density and blood lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes should be monitored to prevent sarcopenia.