Nutritional KAP,dietary and nutrition survey among pilots

LIN Wenjuan; YU Fang; WANG Qian; TAN Weixing; ZHANG Jing; CAI Ying; LIU Jianying

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-1753.2024.04.004

Abstract：Objective To investigate the nutritional knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)as well as dietary and nutritional status of pilots,and analyze the results in conjunction with physical examination so as to provide data for related dietary and nutrition support.Methods A total of 438 pilots in Qingdao and Hangzhou Special Servicemen Recuperation Center of PLA Navy from March 2021 to March 2022 were selected using the random sampling method and investigated with a nutritional KAP questionnaire,whose dietary status was studied using the weighing method for three consecutive days.At the same time,physical examination was carried out.Results The highest and lowest score of nutritional KAP of the pilots was 46 and 30 respectively,with an average score of 39.26±4.03(the full score was 50 points).Compared with the standard dietary reference intakes,the daily intakes of meat,poultry and vegetable oil by each pilot exceeded standards,while the intakes of cereals,aquatic products,fruits,beans and dairy products fell short of the standard.The intakes of energy,protein,sodium,potassium,magnesium,phosphorus,iron,selenium,vitamin E,vitamin A and niacin exceeded the standard,while those of vitamin B2,vitamin B1 and zinc were insufficient.The over-intake of energy was related to the excessive intake of cooking oil while the excessive sodium intake was associated with excessive salt intake.Compared with the standard dietary reference intakes,the energy supply ratio was higher in protein and fat,but lower in carbohydrates.There were 348 patients with abnormal physical examination,accounting for 79.45%.The detection rates of overweight,hyperuricemia,fatty liver and hyperlipidemia were 39.04%,16.21%,9.13%and 7.08%,respectively.Conclusion The nutritional KAP levels of pilots is low and the dietary structure is unbalanced.The incidence of overweight,hyperuricaemia,fatty liver,and hyperlipidaemia are high.There is a high correlation between the three factors.Actively carry out diet nutrition and health education for flight personnel,strengthen scientific meal preparation guidance,and reduce the incidence of nutrition-related chronic diseases.