A Real-Time Method of Assessing Depth of Discharge Based on P2D Model
LEI Xiaoben
HU Xinhua
WANG Hao
Abstract：This paper establishes a real-time method of assessing their discharge state with discharge abili-ty of nickel-cadmium(Ni-Cd)batteries being at high-altitude and at low-temperature in operating condi-tions in affecting the reliability of aircraft in emergency power systems.First,an electrochemical P2D model is utilized for constructing a Ni-Cd battery model.This method enables core parameters to be sensi-tive to temperature,and recognizes to be capable of characterizing the discharge state,and the impact of temperature on the discharge state is translated into its effect on these core parameters.And then,a rela-tionship between these core parameters and the direct current internal resistance(DCIR)is established.On the basis of this relationship,a equivalent circuit model is developed,and the model parameter identifi-cation is performed by using the Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization(HPPC)method.The results show that by analyzing the correlation of model parameters(particularly DCIR)with temperature and DOD,a mapping relationship among temperature,internal resistance,and discharge state is successfully construc-ted.A method capable of effectively detecting the discharge state of Ni-Cd batteries at different tempera-tures is designed and implemented.This method can be simultaneously applied to real-time in-flight status monitoring and ground maintenance evaluations.And this method significantly improves the assessment accuracy of Ni-Cd battery in operational status,providing critical technical support for ensuring flight reli-ability.
Keywords：Ni-Cd batteriesP2D modelDCIRHPPC
Publication Date：2025-10-25
Online Publishing Date：2025-10-17(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：10( 1-10 )