Correlation Between Serum Apelin-13 Level and Sleep Disorder in Patients with Parkinson's Disease

LEI Yujiao; DING Peina; SONG Yanfang; YANG Shijie

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-305X.2025.06.009

Abstract：Objective To investigate the serum levels of Apelin-13 in Parkinson's disease(PD)patients and analyze their correlation with sleep disorders.Methods A total of 95 PD patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology of Pingdingshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2022 and January 2024 were selected.Serum Apelin-13 levels were measured,and sleep disturbances were assessed using the Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale(PDSS).Based on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)scores,patients were divided into a sleep disorder group(n=53)and a normal sleep group(n=42).Polysomnography was used to evaluate the sleep architecture characteristics of the subjects.Serum Apelin-13 levels were compared between the two groups,and the relationship between serum Apelin-13 levels and sleep disturbances was further analyzed.The predictive value was assessed using ROC curve analysis.Results No significant differences were observed in baseline characteristics between the sleep disorder group and the normal sleep group(all P＞0.05).The PDSS assessment revealed that PDSS-2(81.13％)and PDSS-8(75.47％)were the most prevalent symptoms,while PDSS-7(16.98％)and PDSS-9(15.09％)were the least frequent.Compared to the normal group,the sleep disorder group exhibited significantly reduced sleep efficiency(53.96±3.97)％,prolonged sleep latency(63.05±5.18)min,shortened REM latency(31.96±1.91)min,and increased awakenings(5.97±1.03)times(P＜0.05).Serum Apelin-13 levels were significantly higher in the sleep disorder group(596.82±177.29 pg/mL)than in the normal group(P＜0.05).Binary Logistic Regression identified elevated Apelin-13(OR=1.594,95％CI:1.207～1.981)as an independent risk factor for sleep disturbances in PD patients(P＜O.05).ROC curve analysis demonstrated moderate predictive value for Apelin-13(AUC=0.729).Conclusion PD patients with sleep disturbances exhibit significantly elevated serum Apelin-13 levels,which serves as an independent risk factor for sleep disorders.These findings suggest Apelin-13's potential as a biomarker and highlight the therapeutic promise of developing APJ receptor-targeted drugs to improve sleep quality in PD patients.