Analysis on dynamic characteristics of misaligned splines in aviation spline-rotor system

ZHONG Wenxin; JIN Guanghu; ZHU Rupeng

doi:10.16578/j.issn.1004.2539.2026.08.016

Abstract：[Objective]Splines are important connectors in aviation power transmission systems,and are affected by manufacturing errors,assembly errors or working loads,and often occur in parallel misalignment,angular misalignment and comprehensive misalignment,which affects the meshing length and bearing capacity of each tooth of the spline.In order to improve the stability of the transmission system and reduce the failure rate of aviation splines,the dynamic meshing stiffness characteristics of misaligned splines was analyzed.[Methods]Firstly,the concept of spline meshing length was introduced and equated to the waist length of the equivalent trapezoidal cross-section for sliced single spline teeth,whereby the meshing stiffness of a single spline tooth was acquired.Secondly,a dynamic model for the aviation spline-rotor system was established to solve the time-varying meshing length of splines.Finally,the slicing method was combined with the Ishikawa method to obtain the meshing stiffness of single spline teeth under various misalignment conditions,and the dynamic responses of the system were solved accordingly.[Results]The results show that the change amplitude of spline single-tooth meshing stiffness and the dynamic response of the rotor system increase when the static parallel dislocation and static angular dislocation amount are increased.When the static parallel dislocation amount remains unchanged,and the static angular dislocation amount changes,the change of spline meshing stiffness and the dynamic response of the rotor system is not obvious.When the static angular dislocation amount remains unchanged,the static parallel dislocation amount increases,the spline meshing stiffness and the dynamic response of the rotor system change significantly.